09-06-2011, 10:07
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#2 (permalink)
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Utente Senior
Data registrazione: Jun 2009
Località: Neanderthal
Messaggi: 398
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Remember that Value-at-Risk (daily or monthly), with normally distributed returns is:
with
μ = expected asset return (daily or monthly)
zc = distance between u and the VaR in number of standard deviation. In other terms, number of standard deviation at (1-zc) or -1.96 with c = 95% probability
σ = standard deviation (daily or monthly)
The Modified VaR (MVaR) uses not only the volatility as risk, but as well skewness and kurtosis. The Modified VaR is
where S is the skewness, K is the excess kurtosis, and zc is the distance between the portfolio returns and its mean in terms of standard deviation number. If the risk is measured only with the volatility, the risk is often underestimated. The assets returns are negatively skewed and have fat tails. Consequently, the volatility alone is not able to account for that.
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